Venlafaxine For Anxiety: Usage, Dosage & Side Effects 2023
Reviewed by Ellen ODonohue, Retired RN
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Effexor (venlafaxine) is a renowned prescription medication frequently used to address major depressive disorder, generalized anxiety disorder (GAD), panic disorder, and social anxiety disorder. Classified as a serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor (SNRI), Effexor operates by heightening serotonin and norepinephrine levels in the brain. These neurotransmitters play pivotal roles in regulating mood, emotions, and anxiety.
Collaboration with healthcare professionals to determine appropriate dosages and monitor responses is essential. This article explores the mechanisms, dosages, side effects, and alternative treatments associated with Effexor, presenting a comprehensive approach to managing anxiety disorders.
Does Effexor Treat Anxiety?
Effexor (venlafaxine)[1] is commonly prescribed for the treatment of anxiety disorders. As an SNRI (serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor), Effexor works by increasing the levels of serotonin and norepinephrine in the brain, which are neurotransmitters involved in regulating mood and anxiety. By enhancing their availability, Effexor may help alleviate anxiety symptoms.
While the efficacy of Effexor can vary from person to person, studies have shown it to be effective in reducing symptoms of generalized anxiety disorder (GAD), panic disorder, social anxiety disorder, and other anxiety-related conditions. It is important to consult with a healthcare professional to determine if Effexor is the right treatment option for an individual’s specific anxiety needs.
Effexor (Venlafaxine) For Anxiety
Immediate-Release And Extended-Release Forms
The medication is available in both immediate-release and extended-release forms. The immediate-release form is typically taken two to three times a day, while the extended-release version is taken once daily. Effexor should be taken exactly as prescribed by a healthcare professional and it may take several weeks to experience the full therapeutic effects.
Time Effexor Takes To Work
The time it takes for Effexor (venlafaxine) to work for anxiety can vary from person to person. In general, it may take several weeks, typically around 4 to 6 weeks, to experience the full therapeutic effects of Effexor for anxiety.
SNRIs Vs. SSRIs
Venlafaxine, the active ingredient in Effexor, belongs to a class of medications known as serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs). SNRIs, like venlafaxine, work by increasing the levels of both serotonin and norepinephrine in the brain. This dual mechanism of action sets SNRIs apart from selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), which primarily target serotonin.
SSRIs, such as fluoxetine (Prozac) and sertraline (Zoloft), are commonly prescribed antidepressants that mainly focus on increasing serotonin levels. The difference in neurotransmitter activity between venlafaxine (SNRI) and SSRIs may contribute to variations in efficacy and side effect profiles among individuals.
What Is Effexor?
Effexor, also known by its generic name venlafaxine, is a prescription medication primarily used to treat major depressive disorder (MDD),[2] generalized anxiety disorder (GAD),[3] panic disorder, and social anxiety disorder. It belongs to a class of medications known as serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs), which work by increasing the levels of serotonin and norepinephrine in the brain.
Effexor is believed to help regulate the balance of these neurotransmitters, which are involved in regulating mood, emotions, and anxiety. By affecting the reabsorption of serotonin and norepinephrine, Effexor helps to enhance their availability in the brain, potentially alleviating symptoms of depression and anxiety.
Effexor should not be abruptly discontinued, as it may lead to withdrawal symptoms.[4] Gradual tapering under the guidance of a healthcare professional is recommended when discontinuing the medication.
How Does Effexor Work For Anxiety?
Effexor, or venlafaxine, is an antidepressant medication that is also prescribed for the treatment of anxiety disorders. It belongs to the class of drugs known as serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs). While Effexor’s exact mechanism of action is not fully understood, it is believed to work by increasing the levels of serotonin and norepinephrine in the brain.
Serotonin[5] is a neurotransmitter that plays a key role in regulating mood, emotions, and anxiety. Norepinephrine[6] is another neurotransmitter involved in the body’s stress response and regulation of mood. By inhibiting the reuptake of these neurotransmitters, Effexor helps to increase their availability in the brain, which may result in a reduction of anxiety symptoms.
Effexor’s action on both serotonin and norepinephrine sets it apart from selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), which primarily target serotonin. The dual effect of Effexor on these neurotransmitters is thought to provide additional benefits in the treatment of anxiety disorders.
The specific efficacy and response to Effexor can vary from person to person.
Effexor Dosage For Anxiety
The recommended dosage of Effexor (venlafaxine) for anxiety disorders may vary depending on individual factors and the severity of symptoms. Generally, the initial dose for adults is 75 mg per day, taken in divided doses or as a single dose. This dosage may be increased gradually up to a maximum of 225 mg per day, based on the individual’s response and tolerability.
You should follow the guidance of a healthcare professional who can assess the specific needs of the patient and adjust the dosage accordingly. It may take several weeks to notice the full therapeutic effects, and dosage adjustments should be made under medical supervision.
Effexor Side Effects
Common side effects of Effexor (venlafaxine) may include nausea, headache, dizziness, drowsiness, insomnia, increased sweating, dry mouth, constipation, and loss of appetite. These side effects are typically mild and may subside over time as the body adjusts to the medication. Sexual dysfunction, such as decreased libido or difficulty achieving orgasm, may also occur.
It is important to discuss any side effects with a healthcare professional, as they can provide guidance and recommendations. A healthcare professional can help determine if you have pre-existing medical conditions such as high blood pressure, low blood pressure, or other conditions that would impact you taking venlafaxine.
Additionally, Effexor may have the potential to cause withdrawal symptoms if abruptly discontinued, so it is advisable to gradually taper off the medication under medical supervision.
Other Treatments For Anxiety
In addition to Effexor (venlafaxine), there are several other common treatments available for anxiety disorders. These treatments can be used alone or in combination, depending on the individual’s specific needs and preferences. Here are a few examples:
Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors (SSRIs)
SSRIs,[7] such as sertraline (Zoloft), fluoxetine (Prozac), and escitalopram (Lexapro), are a commonly prescribed class of antidepressant medications that can be effective in treating various anxiety disorders.
Benzodiazepines
Benzodiazepines,[8] like lorazepam (Ativan) and alprazolam (Xanax), are anti-anxiety medications that work by enhancing the effects of a neurotransmitter called gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA). They are often used on a short-term basis to provide immediate relief from severe anxiety symptoms. These medications are also sometimes used for those suffering from insomnia.
Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT)
CBT is a type of psychotherapy that focuses on identifying and modifying negative thought patterns and behaviors associated with anxiety. It is an evidence-based approach and is often considered a first-line treatment for anxiety disorders. To read more about different types of therapy!
Relaxation Techniques
Techniques such as deep breathing, meditation, progressive muscle relaxation, and mindfulness can help reduce anxiety symptoms by promoting relaxation and calming the mind. Supplements may also be beneficial for anxiety!
Lifestyle Modifications
Adopting healthy lifestyle habits like regular exercise, adequate sleep, a balanced diet, and stress management techniques can significantly improve overall well-being and reduce anxiety symptoms. Learn more about how to sleep better!
Conclusion
In conclusion, venlafaxine is a medication commonly used in the treatment of various mental health conditions. It has shown effectiveness in managing symptoms of Post Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) and to treat Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD).
Venlafaxine works by increasing the levels of serotonin and norepinephrine in the brain, which helps regulate mood and reduce anxiety. Venlafaxine should be used with caution as it may carry the risk of serotonin syndrome, a potentially serious condition characterized by excessive serotonin levels.
It is advisable to inform healthcare professionals about any other medications being taken, as certain combinations can increase this risk. Consistency in taking venlafaxine is crucial, and a missed dose should be taken as soon as remembered, but if it’s close to the next scheduled dose, it’s best to skip it.
Additionally, venlafaxine extended-release capsules, such as Effexor XR, provide a gradual release of the medication throughout the day, offering sustained symptom relief. This medication may also be prescribed for Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD) in some cases, as it has shown some benefit in reducing symptoms. It is important to consult with a healthcare professional for proper guidance and monitoring when using venlafaxine.
Frequently Asked Questions
Effexor is an SNRI that increases the levels of serotonin and norepinephrine in the brain. By enhancing their availability, Effexor may help alleviate anxiety symptoms.
Yes, there are several other common treatments for anxiety disorders, including SSRIs, benzodiazepines, cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT), relaxation techniques, and lifestyle modifications.
Common side effects of Effexor include nausea, headache, dizziness, drowsiness, insomnia, increased sweating, dry mouth, constipation, and loss of appetite. Sexual dysfunction may also occur.
+ 8 sources
MIDSS adheres to strict procurement guidelines and relies on peer-reviewed studies, academic research institutes, and medical associations. We work mainly with peer-reviewed studies to ensure the accuracy of the information. We avoid the use of tertiary references. You can read about how we ensure the accuracy and timeliness of our content in our editorial process.
- Furukawa, T.A., Cipriani, A., Cowen, P.J., Leucht, S., Egger, M. and Salanti, G. (2019). Optimal dose of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors, venlafaxine, and mirtazapine in major depression: a systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis. The Lancet Psychiatry, [online] 6(7), pp.601–609. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/s2215-0366(19)30217-2.
- Furukawa, T.A., Cipriani, A., Cowen, P.J., Leucht, S., Egger, M. and Salanti, G. (2019). Optimal dose of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors, venlafaxine, and mirtazapine in major depression: a systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis. The Lancet Psychiatry, [online] 6(7), pp.601–609. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/s2215-0366(19)30217-2.
- Kong, W., Deng, H., Wan, J., Zhou, Y., Zhou, Y., Song, B. and Wang, X. (2020). Comparative Remission Rates and Tolerability of Drugs for Generalised Anxiety Disorder: A Systematic Review and Network Meta-analysis of Double-Blind Randomized Controlled Trials. Frontiers in Pharmacology, [online] 11. doi:https://doi.org/10.3389/fphar.2020.580858.
- Henssler, J., Heinz, A., Brandt, L. and Bschor, T. (2019). Antidepressant Withdrawal and Rebound Phenomena. Deutsches Arzteblatt International. [online] doi:https://doi.org/10.3238/arztebl.2019.0355.
- Káňová, M. and Kohout, P. (2021). Serotonin—Its Synthesis and Roles in the Healthy and the Critically Ill. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, [online] 22(9), pp.4837–4837. doi:https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms22094837.
- Europe PMC (2016). Europe PMC. [online] Europepmc.org. Available at: https://europepmc.org/article/nbk/nbk539894.
- Dphiil, M., Dphil, L., Giles, S., Cowen, P., Stringaris Phd, A. and Harmer Dphil, C. (n.d.). The knowns and unknowns of SSRI treatment in young people with depression and anxiety: efficacy, predictors and mechanisms of action. [online] Available at: https://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:18b3e98e-2159-4eee-8b08-c688b97b53b4/download_file?file_format=application%2Fpdf&safe_filename=Murphy_et_al_2021_The_knowns_and.pdf&type_of_work=Journal+article.
- Edinoff, A.N., Nix, C.A., Hollier, J., Sagrera, C.E., Delacroix, B.M., Abubakar, T., Cornett, E.M., Kaye, A.M. and Kaye, A.D. (2021). Benzodiazepines: Uses, Dangers, and Clinical Considerations. Neurology International, [online] 13(4), pp.594–607. doi:https://doi.org/10.3390/neurolint13040059.
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